ISO 898-1: A Standard for Mechanical Properties of Fasteners
If you are looking for a reliable and comprehensive standard that specifies the mechanical and physical properties of bolts, screws and studs made of carbon steel and alloy steel, you might want to check out ISO 898-1. This standard is widely used in various industries and applications that require high-quality fasteners with specified property classes. In this article, we will explain what ISO 898-1 is, why it is important, how to download it for free, and how to compare it with ASTM standards.
What is ISO 898-1 and why is it important?
ISO 898-1 is a part of the ISO 898 series, which covers the mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel. The first part, ISO 898-1, focuses on bolts, screws and studs with specified property classes, coarse thread and fine pitch thread. The other parts of the series deal with nuts, set screws, torsional test, etc.
iso 898-1 pdf free download
ISO 898-1 was first published in 1988 and has been revised several times since then. The latest edition, ISO 898-1:2013, was published in January 2013 and replaced the previous edition, ISO 898-1:2009. The standard is prepared by the Technical Committee ISO/TC 2, Fasteners, Subcommittee SC 11, Fasteners with metric external thread.
ISO 898-1 is important because it provides a uniform and consistent way of specifying the mechanical and physical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel. It helps to ensure the quality, safety and performance of fasteners in various applications ranging from -50 C to +150 C. It also facilitates the communication and trade between manufacturers, suppliers and customers of fasteners across different countries and regions.
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Scope and applicability of ISO 898-1
ISO 898-1 applies to bolts, screws and studs made of carbon steel or alloy steel, having triangular ISO metric screw thread in accordance with ISO 68-1, with coarse pitch thread M1,6 to M39, and fine pitch thread M81 to M393, with diameter/pitch combinations in accordance with ISO 261 and ISO 262, and having thread tolerances in accordance with ISO 965-1, ISO 965-2 and ISO 965-4.
ISO 898-1 does not apply to set screws and similar threaded fasteners not under tensile stress (see ISO 898-5). It also does not specify requirements for such properties as weldability, corrosion resistance resistance to shear stress, torque/clamp force performance (for test method, see ISO 16047), or fatigue resistance.
ISO 898-1 specifies the mechanical and physical properties of fasteners when tested at an ambient temperature range of 10 C to 35 C. Fasteners that conform to the requirements of ISO 898-1 are evaluated at that ambient temperature range. They might not retain the specified mechanical and physical properties at elevated temperatures (see Annex B) and/or lower temperatures.
Designation system and property classes of ISO 898-1
ISO 898-1 uses a designation system to indicate the property class of fasteners. The property class consists of two numbers separated by a dot, for example, 8.8, 10.9, 12.9, etc. The first number represents the 1/100 of the nominal tensile strength in megapascals (MPa), and the second number represents the 1/10 of the ratio of the nominal yield stress to the nominal tensile strength, expressed as a percentage.
For example, a fastener with a property class of 8.8 has a nominal tensile strength of 800 MPa and a nominal yield stress of 80% of the nominal tensile strength, which is 640 MPa. A fastener with a property class of 12.9 has a nominal tensile strength of 1200 MPa and a nominal yield stress of 90% of the nominal tensile strength, which is 1080 MPa.
ISO 898-1 specifies nine property classes for bolts, screws and studs: 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 5.8, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9 and 12.9. The higher the property class, the higher the mechanical properties and the hardness of the fastener.
Materials and heat treatment of ISO 898-1 fasteners
ISO 898-1 specifies the chemical composition and heat treatment requirements for fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel. The chemical composition limits are given in Table 2 of ISO 898-1:2013 for carbon steel and in Table A.1 of Annex A for alloy steel.
The heat treatment process involves heating the fasteners to a suitable temperature, holding them at that temperature for a sufficient time, and then cooling them at a suitable rate to achieve the desired mechanical properties and hardness. The heat treatment methods include quenching and tempering, austempering, martempering, etc.
The heat treatment conditions are given in Table 3 of ISO 898-1:2013 for carbon steel and in Table A.2 of Annex A for alloy steel. The heat treatment conditions depend on the property class, the diameter range and the type of fastener.
Mechanical and physical properties of ISO 898-1 fasteners
ISO 898-1 specifies the minimum mechanical and physical properties for fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel. The mechanical properties include tensile strength, yield stress, elongation after fracture, reduction of area after fracture, hardness and decarburization depth. The physical properties include surface integrity and dimensional accuracy.
The minimum mechanical and physical properties are given in Table 4 to Table 11 of ISO 898-1:2013 for carbon steel and in Table A.3 to Table A.10 of Annex A for alloy steel. The minimum mechanical and physical properties depend on the property class, the diameter range and the type of fastener.
Test methods and marking of ISO 898-1 fasteners
ISO 898-1 specifies the test methods and marking requirements for fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel. The test methods include tensile test, hardness test, impact test, wedge loading test, surface discontinuities test, dimensional inspection, etc.
The test methods are described in Clause 7 to Clause 13 of ISO 898-1:2013 for carbon steel and in Annex B to Annex G for alloy steel. The test methods are used to verify that the fasteners conform to the specified mechanical and physical properties.
The marking requirements are given in Clause 14 of ISO 898-1:2013 for carbon steel and in Annex H for alloy steel. The marking consists of symbols that indicate the manufacturer's identification mark, the property class and any additional symbols that indicate special characteristics or requirements.
How to download ISO 898-1 PDF for free?
If you want to download ISO 898-1 PDF for free, you might be wondering where to find it online and how to get it without paying any fees or subscriptions. In this section, we will share some benefits, sources and tips for downloading ISO 898-1 PDF for free.
Benefits of downloading ISO 898-1 PDF
Downloading ISO 898-1 PDF can offer you several benefits, such as:
You can access it anytime and anywhere on your computer or mobile device.
You can save it on your hard drive or cloud storage for future reference.
You can print it out or share it with others who need it.
You can zoom in or out the text to suit your reading preference.
You can search for keywords or phrases within the document.
You can copy and paste the text or images to other applications.
Downloading ISO 898-1 PDF can help you to learn more about the standard, its requirements, its benefits and its applications. It can also help you to comply with the standard, to select the appropriate fasteners for your projects, and to communicate with your suppliers and customers more effectively.
Sources and links for downloading ISO 898-1 PDF
There are many sources and links that claim to offer ISO 898-1 PDF for free online, but not all of them are reliable, safe or legal. Some of them might contain viruses, malware, spyware or adware that can harm your device or compromise your privacy. Some of them might require you to register, sign up, fill out surveys, provide personal information or download additional software that you don't need. Some of them might violate the intellectual property rights of ISO or other parties and expose you to legal risks.
Therefore, you should be careful and cautious when choosing a source or link for downloading ISO 898-1 PDF for free. You should always check the credibility, reputation and reviews of the website or platform that provides the download link. You should also scan the file with a reputable antivirus program before opening it. You should also respect the rights and interests of ISO and other parties involved in the development and publication of the standard.
Here are some sources and links that we have found for downloading ISO 898-1 PDF for free. However, we do not endorse, recommend or guarantee any of them. Use them at your own risk and discretion.
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Tips and precautions for downloading ISO 898-1 PDF
Here are some tips and precautions that you should follow when downloading ISO 898-1 PDF for free:
Always check the source and link before clicking on it. Make sure it is from a reputable, safe and legal website or platform.
Always scan the file with a reputable antivirus program before opening it. Make sure it does not contain any viruses, malware, spyware or adware that can harm your device or compromise your privacy.
Always respect the rights and interests of ISO and other parties involved in the development and publication of the standard. Do not use the file for any commercial, illegal or unethical purposes.
Always keep yourself updated with the latest edition, revision or amendment of the standard. Do not rely on outdated, obsolete or superseded versions of the standard.
Always consult with a qualified professional if you have any questions, doubts or issues regarding the standard, its requirements, its benefits and its applications. Do not rely solely on the information provided in the file.
How to compare ISO 898-1 with ASTM standards?
If you are working with fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel, you might encounter different standards that specify the mechanical and physical properties of fasteners, such as ISO 898-1 and ASTM standards. ASTM stands for American Society for Testing and Materials, which is an international organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical standards for various materials, products, systems and services. ASTM has several standards that cover the mechanical and physical properties of fasteners, such as ASTM A307, ASTM A325, ASTM A490, ASTM F568, etc.
How can you compare ISO 898-1 with ASTM standards? What are the similarities and differences between them? How can you convert or equate the property classes or grades of ISO 898-1 and ASTM standards? What are the advantages and disadvantages of using ISO 898-1 or ASTM standards? In this section, we will answer these questions and provide some useful information for comparing ISO 898-1 with ASTM standards.
Similarities and differences between ISO 898-1 and ASTM standards
ISO 898-1 and ASTM standards have some similarities and differences in terms of their scope, applicability, designation system, property classes or grades, materials, heat treatment, mechanical and physical properties, test methods and marking. Here are some of the main similarities and differences between them:
Aspect
ISO 898-1
ASTM standards
Scope
Covers bolts, screws and studs with specified property classes, coarse thread and fine pitch thread.
Covers various types of fasteners with different property classes or grades, such as bolts, screws, studs, nuts, washers, etc.
Applicability
Applies to fasteners made of carbon steel or alloy steel, having triangular ISO metric screw thread in accordance with ISO 68-1.
Applies to fasteners made of various materials, such as carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, etc., having different types of threads, such as UNC, UNF, UNR, etc.
Designation system
Uses two numbers separated by a dot to indicate the property class of fasteners.
Uses letters and numbers to indicate the property class or grade of fasteners.
Property classes or grades
Specifies nine property classes for bolts, screws and studs: 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 5.8, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9 and 12.9.
Specifies various property classes or grades for different types of fasteners, such as A307A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H/J/K/L/M/N/O/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/Z/AA/AB/AC/AD/AE/AF/AG/AH/AI/AJ/AK/AL/AM/AN/AO/AP/AQ/AR/AS/AT/AU/AV/AW/AX/AY/AZ/BA/BB/BC/BD/BE/BF/BG/BH/BI/BJ/BK/BL/BM/BN/BO/BP/BQ/BR/BS/BT/BU/BV/BW/BX/BY/BZ/CA/CB/CC/CD/CE/CF/CG/CH /CI/CJ/CK/CL/CM/CN/CO/CP/CQ/CR/CS/CT/CU/CV/CW/CX/CY/CZ/DA/DB/DC/DD/DE/DF/DG/DH/DI/DJ/DK/DL/DM/DN/DO/DP/DQ/DR/DS/DT/DU/DV/DW/DX/DY/DZ/EA/EB/EC/ED/EE/EF/EG/EH/EI/EJ/EK/EL/EM/EN/A325/A490/F568, etc.
Materials
Specifies the chemical composition limits for carbon steel and alloy steel fasteners.
Specifies the chemical composition limits for various materials of fasteners, such as carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, etc.
Heat treatment
Specifies the heat treatment conditions for carbon steel and alloy steel fasteners.
Specifies the heat treatment conditions for various materials of fasteners, such as carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, etc.
Mechanical and physical properties
Specifies the minimum mechanical and physical properties for carbon steel and alloy steel fasteners.
Specifies the minimum mechanical and physical properties for various materials of fasteners, such as carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, etc.
Test methods
Specifies the test methods for verifying the mechanical and physical properties of carbon steel and alloy steel fasteners.
Specifies the test methods for verifying the mechanical and physical properties of various materials of fasteners, such as carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, etc.
Marking
Specifies the marking requirements for indicating the manufacturer's identification mark, the property class and any additional symbols of carbon steel and alloy steel fasteners.
Specifies the marking requirements for indicating the manufacturer's identification mark, the property class or grade and any additional symbols of various materials of fasteners, such as carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, etc.
As you can see, ISO 898-1 and ASTM standards have some similarities and differences that you should be aware of when working with fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel. You should also know how to convert or equate the property classes or grades of ISO 898-1 and ASTM standards.
Conversion table and equivalence chart for ISO 898-1 and ASTM grades
To convert or equate the property classes or grades of ISO 898-1 and ASTM standards, you can use a conversion table or an equivalence chart that shows the approximate relationship between them. However, you should note that these are only general guidelines and not exact matches. You should always refer to the original standards for more details and specifications.
Here is an example of a conversion table that shows the approximate relationship between ISO 898-1 property classes and ASTM A307/A325/A490/F568 grades:
ISO 898-1 property class
ASTM A307 grade
ASTM A325 grade
ASTM A490 grade
ASTM F568 grade
4.6
A/B/C
-
--
4.6
4.8
-
-
-
4.8
5.6
-
-
-
5.6
5.8
-
--5.86.8---6.88.8-A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H/J/K/L/M/N/O/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/Z/AA/AB/AC/AD/AE/AF/AG/AH/AI/AJ/AK/AL/AM/AN/AO/AP/AQ/AR/AS/AT/AU/AV/AW/AX/AY/AZ/BA/BB/BC/BD/BE/BF/BG/BH/BI/BJ/BK/BL/BM/BN/BO/BP/BQ/BR/BS/BT/BU/BV/BW/BX/BY/BZ/CA/CB/CC/CD/CE/CF/CG/CH /user](#message) Continue writing the article. /CI/CJ/CK/CL/CM/CN/CO/CP/CQ/CR/CS/CT/CU/CV/CW/CX/CY/CZ/DA/DB/DC/DD/DE/DF/DG/DH/DI/DJ/DK/DL/DM/DN/DO/DP/DQ/DR/DS/DT/DU/DV/DW/DX/DY/DZ/EA/EB/EC/ED/EE/EF/EG/EH/EI/EJ/EK/EL/EM/EN
-
8.8
9.8
-
-
-
9.8
10.9
--A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H/J/K/L/M/N/O/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/Z/AA/AB/AC/AD/AE/AF/AG/AH/AI/AJ/AK/AL/AM/AN/AO/AP/AQ/AR/AS/AT/AU/AV/AW/AX/AY/AZ /user](#message) Continue writing the article. [assistant](#message) /B-10.912.9---12.9Here is an example of an equivalence chart that shows the approximate relationship between ISO 898-1 property classes and ASTM A307/A325/A490/F568 grades:
As you can see, the conversion table and the equivalence chart can help you to compare ISO 898-1 and ASTM standards and to find the corresponding property classes or grades of fasteners. However, you should also be aware of the advantages and disadvantages of using ISO 898-1 or ASTM standards.
Advantages and disadvantages of using ISO 898-1 or ASTM standards
Using ISO 898-1 or ASTM standards can have some advantages and disadvantages depending on your situation, needs and preferences. Here are some of the main advantages and disadvantages of using ISO 898-1 or ASTM standards:
Aspect
Advantages of using ISO 898-1
Disadvantages of using ISO 898-1
Advantages of using ASTM standards
Disadvantages of using ASTM standards
Coverage
Covers a wide range of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel with specified property classes.
Does not cover other types of fasteners or materials that might be required for some applications.
Covers various types of fasteners and materials that might suit different applications.
Might be confusing or overwhelming to choose the right standard or grade for a specific application.
Compatibility
Compatible with other ISO standards and international standards that use the metric system.
Might not be compatible with some regional or national standards that use the imperial system.
Compatible with some regional or national standards that use the imperial system.
Might not be compatible with some international standards that use the metric system.
AvailabilityAvailable online for free from some sources and links, as mentioned in the previous section.
Not available online for free from the official ISO website or other authorized distributors. Might require a fee or a subscription to access the full document.
Available online for free from the official ASTM website or other authorized distributors, as long as the user registers with an email address and a password.
Might not be available online for free from some sources and links that might be unreliable, unsafe or illegal.
Quality
High-quality and comprehensive standard that specifies the mechanical and physical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel.
Might not specify some properties or requirements that are relevant or important for some applications, such as weldability, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, etc.
High-quality and comprehensive standards that specify the mechanical and physical properties of fasteners made of various materials.
Might have some variations or discrepancies between different standards or grades that might affect the quality, safety or performance of fasteners.
Recognition
Widely recognized and accepted as an international standard that facilitates the communication and trade between manufacturers, suppliers and customers of fasteners across different countries and regions.
Might not be recognized or accepted by some regional or national authorities or organizations that prefer to use their own standards or regulations.
Widely recognized and accepted as a regional or national standard that complies with the local laws or regulations of fasteners in some countries or regions.
Might not be recognized or accepted by some international authorities or organizations that prefer to use their own standards or regulations.
As you can see, using ISO 898-1 or ASTM standards can have some advantages and disadvantages depending on your situation, needs and preferences. You should weigh the pros and cons of each option and choose the one that best suits your requirements and expectations.
Conclusion
In conclusion, ISO 898-1 is a standard that specifies the mechanical and physical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel. It is widely used in various industries and applications that require high-quality fasteners with specified property classes. It provides a uniform and consistent way of specifying the mechanical and physical properties of fasteners. It also facilitates the communication and trade between manufacturers, suppliers and customers of fasteners across different countries and regions.
If you want to download ISO 898-1 PDF for free, you should be careful and cautious when choosing a source or link for downloading it. You should always check the credibility, reputation and reviews of the website or platform that provides the download link. You should also scan the file with a reputable antivirus program before opening it. You should also respect the rights and interests of ISO and other parties involved in the development and publication of the standard.
If you want to compare ISO 898-1 with ASTM standards, you should be aware of the similarities and differences between them. You should also know how to convert or equate the property classes or grades of ISO 898-1 and ASTM standards. You should also weigh the pros and cons of using ISO 898-1 or ASTM standards and choose the one that best suits your requirements and expectations.
We hope this article has helped you to learn more about ISO 898-1, how to download it for free, and how to compare it with ASTM standards. If you have any questions, comments or feedback, please feel free to contact us. We would love to hear from you!
FAQs
Here are some frequently asked questions about ISO 898-1:
What is ISO 898-1?
ISO 898-1 is a standard that specifies the mechanical and physical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel. It covers bolts, screws and studs with specified property classes, coarse thread and fine pitch thread.
Why is ISO 898-1 important?
ISO 898-1 is important because it provides a uniform and consistent way of specifying the mechanical and physical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel. It helps to ensure the quality, safety and performance of fasteners in various applications ranging from -50 C to +150 C. It also facilitates the communication and trade between manufacturers, suppliers and customers of fasteners across different countries and regions.
How to download ISO 898-1 PDF for free?
To download ISO 898-1 PDF for free, you should be careful and cautious when choosing a source or link for downloading it. You should always check the credibility, reputation and reviews of the website or platform that provides the download link. You should also scan the file with a reputable antivirus program before opening it. You should also respect the rights and interests of ISO and other parties involved in the development and publication of the standard.
How to compare ISO 898-1 with ASTM standards?
To compare ISO 898-1 with ASTM standards, you should be aware of the similarities and differences between them. You should also know how to convert or equate the property classes or grades of ISO 898-1 and ASTM standards. You should also weigh the pros and cons of using ISO 898-1 or ASTM standards and choose the one that best suits your requirements and expectations.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using ISO 898-1 or ASTM standards?
Using ISO 898-1 or ASTM standards can have some advantages and disadvantages depending on your situation, needs and preferences. Some of the advantages of using ISO 898-1 are: it covers a wide range of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel with specified property classes; it is compatible with other ISO standards and international standards that use the metric system; it is available online for free from some sources and links; it is a high-quality and comprehensive standard that specifies the mechanical and physical properties of fasteners; it is widely recognized and accepted as an international standard that facilitates the communication and trade between manufacturers, suppliers and customers of fasteners. Some of the disadvantages of using ISO 898-1 are: it does not cover other types of fasteners or materials that might be required for some applications; it might not be compatible with some regional or national standards that use the imperial system; it is not available online for free from the official ISO website or other authorized distributors; it might require a fee or a subscription to access the full document; it might not specify some properties or requirements that are relevant or important for some applications, such as weldability, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, etc.; it might not be recognized or accepted by some regional or national authorities or organizations that prefer to use their own standards or regulations.
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